Tolnamic

Description

💊 Tolnamic – Tolfenamic Acid Tablet

Manufacturer: SinoHealth Pharmaceuticals LTD

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1. Indications:

Tolnamic is indicated for:

• Relief of migraine headache pain

• Analgesic use in post-operative pain

• Fever management

রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ মোতাবেক ঔষধ সেবন করুন।

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2. Pharmacology:

Tolfenamic acid (N-(2-methyl-3-chlorophenyl) anthranilic acid) belongs to the fenamate group and:

• Inhibits cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX)

• Reduces synthesis of inflammatory mediators thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin E2

• Has direct antagonistic action on prostaglandin receptors

Pharmacokinetics:

• Absorption: Readily absorbed from GI tract

• Peak plasma concentration: 60–90 minutes

• Bioavailability: 85%

• Protein binding: 99%

• Plasma half-life: 2 hours

• Metabolism: Hepatic, undergoes enterohepatic circulation

• Excretion: 90% urine, remainder feces

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3. Dosage & Administration:

Adults:

• Acute migraine attacks: 200 mg at onset, may repeat once after 1–2 hours

• Mild to moderate pain: 100–200 mg 3 times daily (tid)

• Renal impairment: Dose adjustment may be required

• Severe renal impairment: Avoid use

Children:

• Pediatric dosage regimen not established

Administration Tips:

• Take with food

• Drink sufficient water during or immediately after meals

রেজিস্টার্ড চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ মোতাবেক ঔষধ সেবন করুন।

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4. Drug Interactions:

• Absorption: Increased by metoclopramide & magnesium hydroxide; decreased by aluminum hydroxide

• NSAIDs & anticoagulants: Increased bleeding risk

• Antihypertensives (loop diuretics, β-blockers, ACE inhibitors): Reduced efficacy

• Other drugs: Increases plasma levels of lithium, methotrexate, cardiac glycosides

• Nephrotoxicity risk: Increased with ACE inhibitors, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, or diuretics

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5. Contraindications:

• Active GI bleeding or ulceration

• History of NSAID-related GI bleeding, perforation, or recurrent ulceration

• Severe heart failure

• Hypersensitivity to Tolfenamic acid or excipients

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6. Side Effects:

Common / Less serious: Dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, diarrhea, dysuria, malaise, headache, raised blood pressure
Serious / Rare:

• Hepatic damage, pancreatitis, pulmonary eosinophilia

• Stevens-Johnson syndrome, angioedema

• Blood disorders, hallucinations, visual/hearing disturbances
  Overdose: Headache, nausea, vomiting, GI bleeding, drowsiness, convulsion, acute renal failure, liver damage

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7. Pregnancy & Lactation:

• Not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester

• Appears in breast milk in low concentrations; avoid if possible

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8. Precautions & Warnings:

• Use with caution in patients with:

  • Asthma / bronchospasm

  • Bleeding disorders

  • Cardiovascular diseases / hypertension

  • Peptic ulcer disease

  • Liver or renal impairment

  • Elderly patients

• Increase water intake or reduce dose to minimize dysuria

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9. Therapeutic Class:

• Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis

• Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

• Other drugs for migraine

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10. Storage Conditions:

• Store in a cool, dry place

• Protect from light & moisture

• Keep out of reach of children